Difference between revisions of "Exams and Alternate Assessments"

Revision as of 20:59, 7 April 2020

If you rely on in-person invigilated mid-terms and exams as your primary assessment tool, moving to online formats can seem a challenging prospect. The good news is that there are a wide range of both formative and summative assignments to support and assess student achievement throughout your course.

Getting Started

When choosing an assessment, first consider the course learning outcomes. What are you expecting students to achieve? Ideally, assignments will help students meet the expectations of the course, allow you to accurately observe how well students demonstrate achievement, and align with the teaching strategies you plan to use.
One of the most common concerns when assessing in non-invigilated contexts is maintaining the integrity of the assessment process. It is much easier for students to collaborate with each other or consult alternate sources when online, and it is important to factor this into the design process. Be sure to be clear about your expectations with respect to citation and referencing. For more strategies, please visit: Fostering Academic Integrity
When communicating prompts with students, be transparent about the purposes of the assignment, how it connects to the course material and learning outcomes, what the specific expectations are, and how it will be evaluated.
When experimenting with assignment types, be aware of additional soft skills that may be required. For example, producing a video can be an excellent assignment, but to be successful, students will need access to appropriate technology and know how to use it. When including these types of assignments, consider what resources you might provide to support students or offer them choices in format, so that students can play to their strengths. For example, if the assignment is an online presentation, consider offering students the option of a video, podcast, or slide show.
Keep it simple. When using technology, plan a back-up delivery mode, to ensure that technical problems do not stand in the way of student completion of assignments.

Choosing an Assessment

Traditional exams can be conducted in a variety of different ways. In addition, final projects and other types of assessments are often better suited for determining whether students have met the required learning outcomes. The table below identifies some key types of outcomes and assessment strategies that align with them.

Foundational Knowledge
Assignment	Description	Challenges	Mitigating Challenges
Online Exam	Students respond to a range of questions (from multiple choice and short answer to essay questions) in an online environment, typically during a limited timeframe	Students ability to complete will be dependent on technology at a time when many have been re-located and may not have access to high-quality internet connections and other resources Students may consult their texts or collaborate with peers before answering There is no way to verify that the student is the one submitting the work	Consider alternate forms of submission for the quiz – or have a back-up plan in case technology fails. Create a large pool of questions and randomize them in delivery so that each student has a slightly different test Ensure that the time allocated is sufficiently restricted to discourage outside research Online proctoring is a possibility but comes with significant costs and potential technical challenges – not recommended in almost all cases
Glossary	Students are required to identify key concepts from the course and define them	If the course text already contains a complete glossary, it might be too easy to copy	Have students submit through SafeAssign to help detect copied text, remembering that percentages detected will be higher than usual because of repeated use of core vocabulary Emphasize that the assignment isn’t just about defining as many terms as possible, but also identifying those that are central and explaining their importance
Student Generated Exams	Students submit questions that they think would be appropriate for a final exam, along with a rationale as to why they think the concept is central and important	Exam questions are widely available, and so students may attempt to find the questions, rather than generate them. Students will also need guidance as to what level of a question to create and be clear on expectations	Having students submit a rationale and engage in discussion as to which are the most important concepts and why will help ensure that they are submitting their original work. Explain to students that learning how to teach material will deepen their understanding of it, and help them in future courses A free tool called PeerWise can help facilitate this process https://peerwise.cs.auckland.ac.nz/
Scavenger Hunts	Capitalize on the instinct to search the internet for answers by building it into an assignment requiring students to locate research-based answers to specific questions	As much information available on the internet is itself plagiarized, students may be tempted by the oft-repeated answers in superficial sources	Design questions that will help students distinguish quality of sources. Create clear criteria for evaluating the sources they identify and synthesize (eg. peer-reviewed, relevant, discipline-specific, etc.)
Concept Maps	Students synthesize course material by diagramming the relationship between course concepts	*Designing images can be challenging, and students may focus more on formatting rather than concepts	*Consider offering options for formatting. For example, students could draw relationships with pen and paper, and submit a photo, or use whatever software they have available to produce digital documents.
Critical Thinking
Assignment	Description	Challenges	Mitigating Challenges
Take Home Exam	Students complete the exam at home and submit it as they would an assignment. This assessment type is very flexible and may incorporate other ideas in this table.	Students will have ample opportunity to consult with the literature and each other before submitting	Create novel and in-depth questions that require significant analysis Have students submit through SafeAssign to help detect copying
Problem Sets	Students are provided with specific problems or cases (whichever is most appropriate) and required to solve them	Solutions to common and low-level problems may be widely available on the internet Students may work together before submitting their assignment	Create problem sets where collaborative discussions would be beneficial to the solution and encourage students to work together
Learning Portfolio	Students compile a series of artifacts with reflections that synthesize their learning throughout the course and apply it to other contexts	Learning portfolios are often unfamiliar to students, and they are unclear on expectations and criteria.	Provide clear prompts to guide student reflection and types of elements to gather Portfolios can be created in e-formats or as documents that can be submitted as assignments Consider supplementing the portfolio with an ongoing learning journal, so that students can get formative feedback along the way and compile this work into their final project.
Case Studies	Students respond to a specific scenario, analyzing the details and providing solutions or recommendations	Designing compelling case scenarios that are valid assessments of student achievement is challenging	Create unique scenarios to make it more difficult for students to simply research answers Consider the level of detail in the scenario required to ensure students have adequate information to be successful Incorporate case analysis into your lectures or other course materials so that students better understand expectations For a handout to help design cases, click here
Presentation and Facilitation Skills
Assignment	Description	Challenges	Mitigating Challenges
Online Presentation	Students moderate synchronous sessions using Bb Collaborate, MS Teams, or other Virtual Classroom technology.	*Be cautious about the amount of synchronous activity that you require for a course, as students may have variable access and ability to be online, and may be in different time zones	*These types of assessments work best for smaller seminar classes, thesis defenses, or other situations where only a few people will be actively participating Consider options where students can prepare a presentation that can be delivered asynchronously (see below).
Video Presentation	Students videotape their presentation or create a voice-over powerpoint. They can then submit these files as they would a regular assignment	Requires additional technical skills on short notice that may be beyond the original objectives of the assignment Videos should not be streamed through Blackboard as the increased load will slow the service	Provide students with a choice of formats (eg podcast, video, slide-show, etc.), so that they can use the tools they are most comfortable with. Link to resources that will help answer their technical questions Choose an outside streaming service such as YouTube or UView if you want to make the videos available for viewing
Facilitate Asynchronous Discussion	Students post a thread to the Blackboard discussion board and prompt peers to respond with their ideas	Facilitation skills for online discussion are different than those for in person, and so students may struggle getting conversations going	Encourage all in the class to participate Ask students to choose their most important contributions to the discussion and those of colleagues. Submit a paper with reflection on those posts and justification for choice as important contributions
Performance	Students can be asked to prepare a video or audio recording off site and submit along with reflective commentaries	Video recording of many types of performance would require equipment, skills, and often another person that might not be available Videos cannot replicate the authentic live performance	Provide students with suggestions and resources that will help provide them with technical direction Remember that large video files cannot be effectively viewed through Blackboard, but should be either submitted as a file to be viewed elsewhere or streamed from another source (e.g., UView, YouTube, Microsoft Stream)
Lab Work
Assignment	Description	Challenges	Mitigating Challenges
Data Interpretation Assignment	Consider whether the purpose of the lab could be about data interpretation and analysis, rather than collection and provide students with data sets to work with	Will not work for performative outcomes that require knowledge of specific instruments or tools	Provide datasets that contain (or mimic) the challenges typically encountered If students can be provided with different datasets, this can reduce the chance to submit collaborative work
Simulations	Some labs have open simulations	Most simulations would provide opportunities for students to self-test, but would not be suitable for formal assessments Finding simulations that are both relevant and high quality can be challenging Often a cost for high quality	For Physics, Chemistry, Earth Science, Math and Biology https://phet.colorado.edu/
Infographics	Students synthesize data into meaningful images that communicate key information to target audiences	Designing infographics, particularly interactive ones, requires knowledge of graphic design and programming, or access to specific types of tools.	Identify resources to support students and simplify the process, so that time spent is thinking through the data, not just learning new software.

Which Tools Do I Use?

A number of options are available for online assessment. The simplest solution is to rely on the tools available in the LMS, which allow for a range of different assessment types, facilitate grading, and make it easy to communicate grades and feedback to students confidentially.

Assignment Tool

The Assignment Tool will accept a range of document formats and is relatively easy to set up.

For detailed instructions, visit our Creating and Marking Assignments wiki.
Assignments can be graded inline or downloaded. This video will help you learn to grade assignments in Blackboard (without rubric).
A rubric can be added to any assignment, both to inform students of expectations and to facilitate grading. For more information about BB rubrics, visit the Blackboard Rubrics help pages

Test Tool

The Test tool supports 17 different question types, most of them with automated marking. Information on best practices setting up the tests tool is available

To learn how to set up a test, please see More on tests and assessments
For more information about best practices and known issues for instructors, please visit our Test Best Practices and Troubleshooting Wiki page.

Other Tools

Other BB tools that can easily be set up as assessments are Discussions, Wikis, Blogs, and Learning Journals. More information on setting up these tools can be found at More on tests and assessments

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ==Getting Started==
 *When choosing an assessment, first consider the course learning outcomes.  What are you expecting students to achieve? Ideally, assignments will help students meet the expectations of the course, allow you to accurately observe how well students demonstrate achievement, and align with the teaching strategies you plan to use.
-* One of the most common concerns when assessing in non-invigilated contexts is maintaining the integrity of the assessment process. It is much easier for students to collaborate with each other or consult alternate sources when online!  When developing online assessments, it is important to factor this into the design process. Be sure to be clear about your expectations with respect to citation and referencing.  For more strategies, please visit: [[Academic Integrity at UWindsor|'''Fostering Academic Integrity''']]
+* One of the most common concerns when assessing in non-invigilated contexts is maintaining the integrity of the assessment process. It is much easier for students to collaborate with each other or consult alternate sources when online, and it is important to factor this into the design process. Be sure to be clear about your expectations with respect to citation and referencing.  For more strategies, please visit: [[Academic Integrity at UWindsor|'''Fostering Academic Integrity''']]
 *When communicating prompts with students, be transparent about the purposes of the assignment, how it connects to the course material and learning outcomes, what the specific expectations are, and how it will be evaluated.
 *When experimenting with assignment types, be aware of additional soft skills that may be required.  For example, producing a video can be an excellent assignment, but to be successful, students will need access to appropriate technology and know how to use it. When including these types of assignments, consider what resources you might provide to support students or offer them choices in format, so that students can play to their strengths.  For example, if the assignment is an online presentation, consider offering students the option of a video, podcast, or slide show.

Difference between revisions of "Exams and Alternate Assessments"

Revision as of 20:59, 7 April 2020

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